Session 1 :
BASIC SENTENCE ENGLISH
BASIC SENTENCE ENGLISH
- REQUIREMENT OF WRITTEN ENGLISH
- SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT
- SUBJECT
- NOUN
- VERB
- WORD ORDER AND PARALEL STRUCTURE
- INDEPENDENT/MAIN CLAUSE
Test
- The sun is shining.
- Several clouds in the sky.
- Two people they are walking slowly and quietly.
- Splashing through the shallow water.
- They probably very happy.
- You can imagine walking on the white glittering
sand.
- There is a big palm tree
- Some shells on the sand.
- Is a beach on the island of Raja Ampat.
- No umbrellas to provide shade from the sun.
- On that beach, two people are enjoying the
beautiful weather.
B Section
} Point out the subjects in the following sentences:
- Truth crushed to earth will rise again.
- Good books are worthy companions.
- The love of money is the root of all evil..
- To be ready for storm is the duty of the sailor.
- Whatever he did was misunderstood.
- The Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to
Animals has
done much good by its teachings.
- To pay his bills promptly is characteristic of an honest man.
- The messenger said that the news was received at eight o'clock.
- The result of the examination was not yet known.
- All the talents and all the accomplishments
developed by liberty and civilization were now displayed.
- To exercise power over another unlawfully is tyranny.
REQUIREMENTS OF
A WRITTEN ENGLISH
} Each new sentence must begin with a capital letter.
} A sentence must end with a period, a question mark, or
an exclamation point.
} A sentence must contain a subject that only stated
once.
} A sentence must contain standard word order.
} A sentence must have one main core idea that can stand
alone.
SUBJECT
EVERY SENTENCE
MUST CONTAIN A SUBJECT
- Person or thing
- Noun phrase
- A pronoun
- An infinitive phrase
- An –ing phrase
- A noun clause
- Subject …… is a frequent subject describing time,
weather, distance, etc. (IT)
- Filler subject where the verb then agrees with
the noun phrase that follows it > THERE
- No stated subject needed.
VERB
EVERY SENTENCE
MUST CONTAIN A COMPLETE VERB
WORD ORDER &
PARALEL STRUCTURE
} Use standard word order with verbs that are followed
by a direct object. (S + P/V+ O)
} Put time expression first or last in the sentence, not
between the verb and direct object.
} For direct questions with no question word or
questions with introduced by what, when, where, how, and why, use inverted word
order, with the auxiliary verb before the subject.
} Use inverted word order for emphasis after never
or not only
} ---
} Make structures in a sequence paralel in form. The word and connects similar
structures: noun phrases, infinitive phrases, clauses, and so on.
} When you use paired conjunctions (either/or,
neither/nor, not only/but also, both/and, as/as, whether/or), use parallel
structure on each side.
} Make sure that you use parallel structures with comparison
using as/than
INDEPENDENT/MAIN
CLAUSES
} Add information at the beginning
} Add information at the end
} Expand the subject
} Insert some additional information in the middle
} Expand the verb
} Expand the object
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